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2010年10月,在成都組織了“相控陣高級研討班”,特邀加拿大專家Ed Ginzel作精彩講課。在講課中Ed先生解釋了國外無損檢測法規標準體系和層次,我覺得既透徹又有用,現把有關內容的中英文對照送大家分享。 法規標準的體系和層次: 1、Codes (enforceable by law)法規(法律強制執行) 2、Standards (recommendations by agencies)標準(推薦采用) 3、Specification (company requirements)規范(企業要求) 4、Procedure (NDT company practices)工藝(NDT公司采用) 5、Technique (specific details of an inspection application) also called work instruction方法(檢測應用的技術細節),也叫工作說明 詳細說明: 1、Codes (enforceable by law)法規(法律強制執行)E.g. ASME BPVC,API 620;例如:ASME BPVC,API 620,固定式壓力容器安全技術監察規程,等等; May have NDT requirements built in or make external references包含NDT要求或外部參考 Usually have an acceptance criteria通常包含驗收標準 2、Standards標準E.g. ASTM 例如ASTM,GB/T3323; Generally describe good practices but do not usually have acceptance criteria (left to contracting parties)常規的技術描述,不包括驗收標準(合同方確定) 3、Specifications規范 Company or project specific requirements. 公司或項目特定要求。 Often refer to Standards and then add special requirements as extra and also may have their own acceptance通常參考標準并增加額外的特定要求,或者有自己的驗收規范 Become “contract documents”變成“合同文件” 4、Procedures工藝All regulating documents (Codes, Standards and Specifications) will require that any inspection be done in accordance with an approved written Procedure所有的規范文件(法規、標準和規范)要求任意檢測按照核準的工藝進行。 Procedures describe how an NDT company or department
will carry out NDT work in accordance with the regulating documents工藝中規定了檢測公司或部門如何根據規范文件執行無損檢測工作 It may be general for all related work or specific for a single application工藝可能涵蓋所有相關工作或指針對一個檢測應用。 5、Technique (or Written Instruction)方法(或書面說明) Details of the equipment, calibration, sensitivity, scan plans and personnel are detailed with a drawing of the component to be tested包括設備細節、校準、靈敏度、掃查計劃、人員和待檢工件圖紙的詳細說明。 Sufficient detail should be in the Technique so that a Level 1 person can set up the equipment and scan the part方法中包括詳細的技術描述,以便一級資格人員可以正確的設置設備和掃查工件。 |